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Chemical Composition

There are hundreds of grades of stainless steel in the market today. Choosing the right one for your application is important as their properties can be quite different from each other.

The AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) system for naming stainless steel is still used by the industry. The numbering system uses three-digit numbers starting with 2, 3 or 4.

200 Series

This series is used for austenitic grades that contain manganese. These chromium manganese steels have a low nickel content (below 5 per cent).

200 series find use in:

  • Washing machines
  • Cutlery
  • Food & drinks equipment
  • Automotive industry
  • In-doors equipment, etc.

300 Series

This series is used to name austenitic stainless steels with carbon, nickel, and molybdenum as alloying elements. The addition of molybdenum improves corrosion resistance in acidic environments while nickel improves ductility.

AISI 304 and 316 are the most common grades in this series. AISI 304 is also commonly known as 18/8 steel as it contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel

300 series stainless steel applications include:

  • Food & beverage industry
  • Automotive industry
  • Structural for critical environments
  • Medical instruments
  • Jewellery, etc.

400 Series

Ferritic and martensitic alloys form this series of stainless steel. These grades are available for heat treating. Providing a good combination of strength and high wear resistance. The corrosion-resistance properties are lower than 300 series, though.

Applications for 400 series include:

  • Agricultural equipment
  • Motor shafts
  • Gas turbine parts, etc.
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